Paulus, servus Jesu Christi, vocatus Apostolus, segregatus in Evangelium Dei,

Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,

It is Paul who writes; a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be his apostle, and set apart to preach the gospel of God.

quod ante promiserat per prophetas suos in Scripturis sanctis

Which he had promised before, by his prophets, in the holy scriptures,

That gospel, promised long ago by means of his prophets in the holy scriptures,

de Filio suo, qui factus est ei ex semine David secundum carnem,

Concerning his Son, who was made to him of the seed of David, according to the flesh,

tells us of his Son, descended, in respect of his human birth, from the line of David,

qui prædestinatus est Filius Dei in virtute secundum spiritum sanctificationis ex resurrectione mortuorum Jesu Christi Domini nostri:

Who was predestinated the Son of God in power, according to the spirit of sanctification, by the resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ from the dead;

but, in respect of the sanctified spirit that was his, marked out miraculously as the Son of God by his resurrection from the dead; our Lord Jesus Christ.

per quem accepimus gratiam, et apostolatum ad obediendum fidei in omnibus gentibus pro nomine ejus,

By whom we have received grace and apostleship for obedience to the faith, in all nations, for his name;

It is through him we have received the grace of apostleship; all over the world, men must be taught to honour his name by paying him the homage of their faith,

in quibus estis et vos vocati Jesu Christi:

Among whom are you also the called of Jesus Christ:

and you among them, you, who are called to belong to Jesus Christ.

omnibus qui sunt Romæ, dilectis Dei, vocatis sanctis. Gratia vobis, et pax a Deo Patre nostro, et Domino Jesu Christo.

To all that are at Rome, the beloved of God, called to be saints. Grace to you, and peace from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ.

I wish, to all those at Rome whom God loves and has called to be holy, grace and peace from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ.

Primum quidem gratias ago Deo meo per Jesum Christum pro omnibus vobis: quia fides vestra annuntiatur in universo mundo.

First I give thanks to my God, through Jesus Christ, for you all, because your faith is spoken of in the whole world.

And first, I offer thanks to my God through Jesus Christ for all of you, you whose faith is so renowned throughout the world.

Testis enim mihi est Deus, cui servio in spiritu meo in Evangelio Filii ejus, quod sine intermissione memoriam vestri facio

For God is my witness, whom I serve in my spirit in the gospel of his Son, that without ceasing I make a commemoration of you;

The God to whom I address the inner worship of my heart, while I preach the gospel of his Son, is my witness how constantly I make mention of you,

semper in orationibus meis: obsecrans, si quomodo tandem aliquando prosperum iter habeam in voluntate Dei veniendi ad vos.

Always in my prayers making request, if by any means now at length I may have a prosperous journey, by the will of God, to come unto you.

never failing to ask, when I am at my prayers, that somehow, in God’s Providence, I may be granted at last an opportunity of visiting you.

Desidero enim videre vos, ut aliquid impertiar vobis gratiæ spiritualis ad confirmandos vos:

For I long to see you, that I may impart unto you some spiritual grace, to strengthen you:

I long to see you, in the hope that I may have some spiritual gift to share with you, so as to strengthen your resolve;

id est, simul consolari in vobis per eam quæ invicem est, fidem vestram atque meam.

That is to say, that I may be comforted together in you, by that which is common to us both, your faith and mine.

or rather, so that the faith we find in each other, you and I, may be an encouragement to you and to me as well.

Nolo autem vos ignorare fratres: quia sæpe proposui venire ad vos (et prohibitus sum usque adhuc) ut aliquem fructum habeam et in vobis, sicut et in ceteris gentibus.

And I would not have you ignorant, brethren, that I have often purposed to come unto you, (and have been hindered hitherto,) that I might have some fruit among you also, even as among other Gentiles.

I should be sorry, brethren, if you were left in doubt that (although hitherto I have always been prevented) I have often planned to visit you, and to be able to claim some harvest among you, as I can among the Gentiles elsewhere.

Græcis ac barbaris, sapientibus, et insipientibus debitor sum:

To the Greeks and to the barbarians, to the wise and to the unwise, I am a debtor;

I have the same duty to all, Greek and barbarian, learned and simple;

ita (quod in me) promptum est et vobis, qui Romæ estis, evangelizare.

So (as much as is in me) I am ready to preach the gospel to you also that are at Rome.

and for my own part I am eager to preach the gospel to you in Rome as I have to others.

Non enim erubesco Evangelium. Virtus enim Dei est in salutem omni credenti, Judæo primum, et Græco.

For I am not ashamed of the gospel. For it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth, to the Jew first, and to the Greek.

I am not ashamed of this gospel. It is an instrument of God’s power, that brings salvation to all who believe in it, Jew first and then Greek.

Justitia enim Dei in eo revelatur ex fide in fidem: sicut scriptum est: Justus autem ex fide vivit.

For the justice of God is revealed therein, from faith unto faith, as it is written: The just man liveth by faith.

It reveals God’s way of justifying us, faith first and last; as the scripture says, It is faith that brings life to the just man.

Revelatur enim ira Dei de cælo super omnem impietatem, et injustitiam hominum eorum, qui veritatem Dei in injustitia detinent:

For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and injustice of those men that detain the truth of God in injustice:

God’s anger is being revealed from heaven; his anger against the impiety and wrong-doing of the men whose wrong-doing denies his truth its full scope.

quia quod notum est Dei, manifestum est in illis. Deus enim illis manifestavit.

Because that which is known of God is manifest in them. For God hath manifested it unto them.

The knowledge of God is clear to their minds; God himself has made it clear to them;

Invisibilia enim ipsius, a creatura mundi, per ea quæ facta sunt, intellecta, conspiciuntur: sempiterna quoque ejus virtus, et divinitas: ita ut sint inexcusabiles.

For the invisible things of him, from the creation of the world, are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made; his eternal power also, and divinity: so that they are inexcusable.

from the foundations of the world men have caught sight of his invisible nature, his eternal power and his divineness, as they are known through his creatures. Thus there is no excuse for them;

Quia cum cognovissent Deum, non sicut Deum glorificaverunt, aut gratias egerunt: sed evanuerunt in cogitationibus suis, et obscuratum est insipiens cor eorum:

Because that, when they knew God, they have not glorified him as God, or given thanks; but became vain in their thoughts, and their foolish heart was darkened.

although they had the knowledge of God, they did not honour him or give thanks to him as God; they became fantastic in their notions, and their senseless hearts grew benighted;

dicentes enim se esse sapientes, stulti facti sunt.

For professing themselves to be wise, they became fools.

they, who claimed to be so wise, turned fools,

Et mutaverunt gloriam incorruptibilis Dei in similitudinem imaginis corruptibilis hominis, et volucrum, et quadrupedum, et serpentium.

And they changed the glory of the incorruptible God into the likeness of the image of a corruptible man, and of birds, and of fourfooted beasts, and of creeping things.

and exchanged the glory of the imperishable God for representations of perishable man, of bird and beast and reptile.

Propter quod tradidit illos Deus in desideria cordis eorum, in immunditiam, ut contumeliis afficiant corpora sua in semetipsis:

Wherefore God gave them up to the desires of their heart, unto uncleanness, to dishonour their own bodies among themselves.

That is why God abandoned their lustful hearts to filthy practices of dishonouring their own bodies among themselves.

qui commutaverunt veritatem Dei in mendacium: et coluerunt, et servierunt creaturæ potius quam Creatori, qui est benedictus in sæcula. Amen.

Who changed the truth of God into a lie; and worshipped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.

They had exchanged God’s truth for a lie, reverencing and worshipping the creature in preference to the Creator (blessed is he for ever, Amen);

Propterea tradidit illos Deus in passiones ignominiæ: nam feminæ eorum immutaverunt naturalem usum in eum usum qui est contra naturam.

For this cause God delivered them up to shameful affections. For their women have changed the natural use into that use which is against nature.

and, in return, God abandoned them to passions which brought dishonour to themselves. Their women exchanged natural for unnatural intercourse;

Similiter autem et masculi, relicto naturali usu feminæ, exarserunt in desideriis suis in invicem, masculi in masculos turpitudinem operantes, et mercedem, quam oportuit, erroris sui in semetipsis recipientes.

And, in like manner, the men also, leaving the natural use of the women, have burned in their lusts one towards another, men with men working that which is filthy, and receiving in themselves the recompense which was due to their error.

and the men, on their side, giving up natural intercourse with women, were burnt up with desire for each other; men practising vileness with their fellow men. Thus they have received a fitting retribution for their false belief.

Et sicut non probaverunt Deum habere in notitia, tradidit illos Deus in reprobum sensum, ut faciant ea quæ non conveniunt,

And as they liked not to have God in their knowledge, God delivered them up to a reprobate sense, to do those things which are not convenient;

And as they scorned to keep God in their view, so God has abandoned them to a frame of mind worthy of all scorn, that prompts them to disgraceful acts.

repletos omni iniquitate, malitia, fornicatione, avaritia, nequitia, plenos invidia, homicidio, contentione, dolo, malignitate: susurrones,

Being filled with all iniquity, malice, fornication, avarice, wickedness, full of envy, murder, contention, deceit, malignity, whisperers,

They are versed in every kind of injustice, knavery, impurity, avarice, and ill-will; spiteful, murderous, contentious, deceitful, depraved, backbiters,

detractores, Deo odibiles, contumeliosos, superbos, elatos, inventores malorum, parentibus non obedientes,

Detractors, hateful to God, contumelious, proud, haughty, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,

slanderers, God’s enemies; insolent, haughty, vainglorious; inventive in wickedness, disobedient to their parents;

insipientes, incompositos, sine affectione, absque fœdere, sine misericordia.

Foolish, dissolute, without affection, without fidelity, without mercy.

without prudence, without honour, without love, without loyalty, without pity.

Qui cum justitiam Dei cognovissent, non intellexerunt quoniam qui talia agunt, digni sunt morte: et non solum qui ea faciunt, sed etiam qui consentiunt facientibus.

Who, having known the justice of God, did not understand that they who do such things, are worthy of death; and not only they that do them, but they also that consent to them that do them.

Yet, with the just decree of God before their minds, they never grasped the truth that those who so live are deserving of death; not only those who commit such acts, but those who countenance such a manner of living.