Et factum est, postquam percussit Alexander Philippi Macedo, qui primus regnavit in Græcia, egressus de terra Cethim, Darium regem Persarum et Medorum:

Now turn we to Alexander son of Philip, the Macedonian, that was the first to reign over all Greece. This Alexander marched out from his own land of Cethim, and overcame Darius, king of the Medes and Persians.

Now it came to pass, after that Alexander the son of Philip the Macedonian, who first reigned in Greece, coming out of the land of Cethim, had overthrown Darius king of the Persians and Medes:

constituit prælia multa, et obtinuit omnium munitiones, et interfecit reges terræ,

Battles he waged a many; nor any fortress might hold out against him, nor any king escape with his life;

He fought many battles, and took the strong holds of all, and slew the kings of the earth:

et pertransiit usque ad fines terræ: et accepit spolia multitudinis gentium, et siluit terra in conspectu ejus.

and so he journeyed on to the world’s end, spoiling the nations everywhere; at his coming, silence fell on the earth.

And he went through even to the ends of the earth, and took the spoils of many nations: and the earth was quiet before him.

Et congregavit virtutem, et exercitum fortem nimis: et exaltatum est, et elevatum cor ejus:

So great the power of him, so valiant his armies, what wonder if his heart grew proud?

And he gathered a power, and a very strong army: and his heart was exalted and lifted up:

et obtinuit regiones gentium, et tyrannos: et facti sunt illi in tributum.

All those lands conquered, all those kings his tributaries!

And he subdued countries of nations, and princes; and they became tributaries to him.

Et post hæc decidit in lectum, et cognovit quia moreretur.

Then, all at once, he took to his bed, and the knowledge came to him he must die.

And after these things, he fell down upon his bed, and knew that he should die.

Et vocavit pueros suos nobiles, qui secum erant nutriti a juventute: et divisit illis regnum suum, cum adhuc viveret.

Whereupon he summoned the noblest of his courtiers, men that had shared his own upbringing, and to these, while he had life in him yet, divided up his kingdom.

And he called his servants the nobles that were brought up with him from his youth: and he divided his kingdom among them, while he was yet alive.

Et regnavit Alexander annis duodecim, et mortuus est.

So reigned Alexander for twelve years, and so died.

And Alexander reigned twelve years and he died.

Et obtinuerunt pueri ejus regnum, unusquisque in loco suo:

And what of these courtiers turned princes, each with a province of his own?

And his servants made themselves kings every one in his place:

et imposuerunt omnes sibi diademata post mortem ejus, et filii eorum post eos annis multis, et multiplicata sunt mala in terra.

Be sure they put on royal crowns, they and their sons after them, and so the world went from bad to worse.

And they all put crowns upon themselves after his death, and their sons after them many years, and evils were multiplied in the earth.

Et exiit ex eis radix peccatrix, Antiochus illustris, filius Antiochi regis, qui fuerat Romæ obses: et regnavit in anno centesimo trigesimo septimo regni Græcorum.

Burgeoned then from the stock of Antiochus a poisoned growth, another Antiochus, he that was called the Illustrious. He had been formerly a hostage at Rome, but now, in the hundred and thirty-seventh year of the Grecian empire, he came into his kingdom.

And there came out of them a wicked root, Antiochus the Illustrious, the son of king Antiochus, who had been a hostage at Rome: and he reigned in the hundred and thirty-seventh year of the kingdom of the Greeks.

In diebus illis, exierunt ex Israël filii iniqui, et suaserunt multis, dicentes: Eamus, et disponamus testamentum cum gentibus, quæ circa nos sunt: quia ex quo recessimus ab eis, invenerunt nos multa mala.

In his day there were godless talkers abroad in Israel, that did not want for a hearing; Come, said they, let us make terms with the heathen that dwell about us! Ever since we forswore their company, nought but trouble has come our way.

In those days there went out of Israel wicked men, and they persuaded many, saying: Let us go, and make a covenant with the heathens that are round about us: for since we departed from them, many evils have befallen us.

Et bonus visus est sermo in oculis eorum.

What would you? Such talk gained credit,

And the word seemed good in their eyes.

Et destinaverunt aliqui de populo, et abierunt ad regem: et dedit illis potestatem ut facerent justitiam gentium.

and some were at pains to ask for the royal warrant; whereupon leave was given them, Gentile usages they should follow if they would.

And some of the people determined to do this, and went to the king: and he gave them license to do after the ordinances of the heathens.

Et ædificaverunt gymnasium in Jerosolymis secundum leges nationum:

With that, they must have a game-place at Jerusalem, after the Gentile fashion,

And they built a place of exercise in Jerusalem, according to the laws of the nations:

et fecerunt sibi præputia, et recesserunt a testamento sancto, et juncti sunt nationibus, et venundati sunt ut facerent malum.

ay, and go uncircumcised; forgotten, their loyalty to the holy covenant, they must throw in their lot with the heathen, and become the slaves of impiety.

And they made themselves prepuces, and departed from the holy covenant, and joined themselves to the heathens, and were sold to do evil.

Et paratum est regnum in conspectu Antiochi, et cœpit regnare in terra Ægypti ut regnaret super duo regna.

And now that he was firmly established on his throne, Antiochus would be lord of Egypt, and wear two crowns at once.

And the kingdom was established before Antiochus, and he had a mind to reign over the land of Egypt, that he might reign over two kingdoms.

Et intravit in Ægyptum in multitudine gravi, in curribus, et elephantis, et equitibus, et copiosa navium multitudine:

So, with overwhelming force, with chariots and elephants and horsemen and a great array of ships, he marched on Egypt,

And he entered into Egypt with a great multitude, with chariots and elephants, and horsemen, and a great number of ships:

et constituit bellum adversus Ptolemæum regem Ægypti, et veritus est Ptolemæus a facie ejus, et fugit, et ceciderunt vulnerati multi.

and levied war against king Ptolemy, that could not hold his ground, but fled away, leaving many fallen.

And he made war against Ptolemee king of Egypt, but Ptolemee was afraid at his presence, and fled, and many were wounded unto death.

Et comprehendit civitates munitas in terra Ægypti, et accepit spolia terræ Ægypti.

So Antiochus made himself master of all the strongholds in Egypt, and ransacked it for spoil;

And he took the strong cities in the land of Egypt: and he took the spoils of the land of Egypt.

Et convertit Antiochus, postquam percussit Ægyptum in centesimo et quadragesimo tertio anno: et ascendit ad Israël,

then, in the hundred and forty-third year, he turned his victorious march against Israel.

And after Antiochus had ravaged Egypt in the hundred and forty-third year, he returned and went up against Israel.

et ascendit Jerosolymam in multitudine gravi.

With all that great army of his he came to Jerusalem

And he went up to Jerusalem with a great multitude.

Et intravit in sanctificationem cum superbia, et accepit altare aureum, et candelabrum luminis, et universa vasa ejus, et mensam propositionis, et libatoria, et phialas, et mortariola aurea, et velum, et coronas, et ornamentum aureum, quod in facie templi erat: et comminuit omnia.

and entered the sanctuary in royal state; the golden altar, the lamp-stand with its appurtenances, the table where bread was set out, beaker and goblet and golden bowl, curtain and capital and golden facings of the temple, all alike were stripped.

And he proudly entered into the sanctuary, and took away the golden altar, and the candlestick of light, and all the vessels thereof, and the table of proposition, and the pouring vessels, and the vials, and the little mortars of gold, and the veil, and the crowns, and the golden ornament that was before the temple: and he broke them all in pieces.

Et accepit argentum, et aurum, et vasa concupiscibilia: et accepit thesauros occultos, quos invenit: et sublatis omnibus, abiit in terram suam.

Silver nor gold was spared, nor any ornament of price, nor hoarded treasures could he but find them; and thus laden he went back to his own country,

And he took the silver and gold, and the precious vessels: and he took the hidden treasures which he found: and when he had taken all away he departed into his own country.

Et fecit cædem hominum, et locutus est in superbia magna.

first shedding a deal of blood, and speaking very blasphemously.

And he made a great slaughter of men, and spoke very proudly.

Et factus est planctus magnus in Israël, et in omni loco eorum:

Loud mourning there was in Israel, mourning in all the country-side;

And there was great mourning in Israel, and in every place where they were:

et ingemuerunt principes et seniores; virgines et juvenes infirmati sunt: et speciositas mulierum immutata est.

wept ruler and elder, pined man and maid, and colour fled from woman’s cheeks;

And the princes, and the ancients mourned, and the virgins and the young men were made feeble, and the beauty of the women was changed.

Omnis maritus sumpsit lamentum, et quæ sedebant in thoro maritali, lugebant:

bridegroom took up the dirge, bride sat in her bower disconsolate;

Every bridegroom took up lamentation: and the bride that sat in the marriage bed, mourned:

et commota est terra super habitantes in ea, et universa domus Jacob induit confusionem.

here was a land that trembled for its inhabitants, a whole race covered with confusion.

And the land was moved for the inhabitants thereof, and all the house of Jacob was covered with confusion.

Et post duos annos dierum, misit rex principem tributorum in civitates Juda, et venit Jerusalem cum turba magna.

Two years passed, and then the king sent his chief collector of revenue to visit the cities of Juda. To Jerusalem he came, with a great rabble at his heels,

And after two full years the king sent the chief collector of his tributes to the cities of Juda, and he came to Jerusalem with a great multitude.

Et locutus est ad eos verba pacifica in dolo: et crediderunt ei.

and won credence with idle professions of friendship.

And he spoke to them peaceable words in deceit: and they believed him.

Et irruit super civitatem repente, et percussit eam plaga magna, et perdidit populum multum ex Israël.

Then he fell suddenly on the town and grievously mishandled it, slaying Israelites a many,

And he fell upon the city suddenly, and struck it with a great slaughter, and destroyed much people in Israel.

Et accepit spolia civitatis: et succendit eam igni, et destruxit domos ejus, et muros ejus in circuitu:

plundering the city and setting fire to it. Houses and encircling walls of it were thrown down in ruins,

And he took the spoils of the city, and burnt it with fire, and threw down the houses thereof, and the walls thereof round about:

et captivas duxerunt mulieres, et natos et pecora possederunt.

women and children carried off into slavery, cattle driven away.

And they took the women captive, and the children, and the cattle they possessed.

Et ædificaverunt civitatem David muro magno et firmo, et turribus firmis, et facta est illis in arcem:

And as for David’s Keep, they enclosed it with high, strong walls, and strong towers besides, to serve them for a fortress;

And they built the city of David with a great and strong wall, and with strong towers, and made it a fortress for them:

et posuerunt illic gentem peccatricem viros iniquos, et convaluerunt in ea: et posuerunt arma, et escas, et congregaverunt spolia Jerusalem:

garrisoned it with a godless crew of sinners like themselves, and made it fast, storing it with arms and provisions, besides the plunder they had amassed in Jerusalem,

And they placed there a sinful nation, wicked men, and they fortified themselves therein: and they stored up armour, and victuals, and gathered together the spoils of Jerusalem;

et reposuerunt illic: et facti sunt in laqueum magnum.

which they bestowed there for safety. Alas, what peril of treachery was here,

And laid them up there: and they became a great snare.

Et factum est hoc ad insidias sanctificationi, et in diabolum malum in Israël:

what an ambush laid about the holy place, what devil’s work against Israel!

And this was a place to lie in wait against the sanctuary, and an evil devil in Israel.

et effuderunt sanguinem innocentem per circuitum sanctificationis, et contaminaverunt sanctificationem.

What a tide of guiltless blood must flow about the sanctuary, till it was a sanctuary no more!

And they shed innocent blood round about the sanctuary, and defiled the holy place.

Et fugerunt habitatores Jerusalem propter eos, et facta est habitatio exterorum, et facta est extera semini suo, et nati ejus reliquerunt eam.

Little wonder if the inhabitants of Jerusalem took to flight, leaving their city to strangers; mother so unnatural her own children must forsake.

And the inhabitants of Jerusalem fled away by reason of them, and the city was made the habitation of strangers, and she became a stranger to her own seed, and her children forsook her.

Sanctificatio ejus desolata est sicut solitudo; dies festi ejus conversi sunt in luctum, sabbata ejus in opprobrium, honores ejus in nihilum.

Her sanctuary a desert solitude, her feasts all lament, her sabbaths derided, her greatness brought low!

Her sanctuary was desolate like a wilderness, her festival days were turned into mourning, her sabbaths into reproach, her honours were brought to nothing.

Secundum gloriam ejus multiplicata est ignominia ejus, et sublimitas ejus conversa est in luctum.

Her pride was the measure of that abasement, her glory of that shame.

Her dishonour was increased according to her glory, and her excellency was turned into mourning.

Et scripsit rex Antiochus omni regno suo ut esset omnis populus unus: et relinqueret unusquisque legem suam.

And now came a letter from king Antiochus to all the subjects of his realm, bidding them leave ancestral custom of this race or that, and become one nation instead.

And king Antiochus wrote to all his kingdom, that all the people should be one: and every one should leave his own law.

Et consenserunt omnes gentes secundum verbum regis Antiochi:

As for the heathen, they fell in readily enough with the royal will;

And all nations consented according to the word of king Antiochus.

et multi ex Israël consenserunt servituti ejus, et sacrificaverunt idolis, et coinquinaverunt sabbatum.

and in Israel itself there were many that chose slavery, offering sacrifice to false gods and leaving the sabbath unobserved.

And many of Israel consented to his service, and they sacrificed to idols, and profaned the sabbath.

Et misit rex libros per manus nuntiorum in Jerusalem, et in omnes civitates Juda, ut sequerentur leges gentium terræ,

Both in Jerusalem and in all the cities of Juda the king’s envoys published this edict; men must live by the law of the heathen round about,

And the king sent letters by the hands of messengers to Jerusalem, and to all the cities of Juda: that they should follow the law of the nations of the earth,

et prohiberent holocausta et sacrificia, et placationes fieri in templo Dei,

burnt-sacrifice, offering and atonement in God’s temple should be none,

And should forbid holocausts and sacrifices, and atonements to be made in the temple of God.

et prohiberent celebrari sabbatum, et dies solemnes:

nor sabbath kept, nor feast-day.

And should prohibit the sabbath, and the festival days, to be celebrated.

et jussit coinquinari sancta, et sanctum populum Israël.

And, for the more profanation of the sanctuary, and of Israel’s holy people,

And he commanded the holy places to be profaned, and the holy people of Israel.

Et jussit ædificari aras, et templa, et idola, et immolari carnes suillas, et pecora communia,

altar and shrine and idol must be set up, swine’s flesh offered, and all manner of unhallowed meat;

And he commanded altars to be built, and temples, and idols, and swine’s flesh to be immolated, and unclean beasts.

et relinquere filios suos incircumcisos, et coinquinari animas eorum in omnibus immundis, et abominationibus, ita ut obliviscerentur legem, et immutarent omnes justificationes Dei:

children be left uncircumcised, and their innocent lives contaminated with rites unclean, abominable; till the law should be forgotten, and the divine precepts fashioned anew.

And that they should leave their children uncircumcised, and let their souls be defiled with all uncleannesses, and abominations, to the end that they should forget the law, and should change all the justifications of God.

et quicumque non fecissent secundum verbum regis Antiochi, morerentur.

Durst any neglect the royal bidding, he must die.

And that whosoever would not do according to the word of king Antiochus should be put to death.

Secundum omnia verba hæc scripsit omni regno suo: et præposuit principes populo, qui hæc fieri cogerent.

Through the whole of his dominions the king’s writ ran, and commissioners were appointed besides to enforce it;

According to all these words he wrote to his whole kingdom, and he appointed rulers over the people that should force them to do these things.

Et jusserunt civitatibus Juda sacrificare.

no city of Juda but was ordered to do sacrifice.

And they commanded the cities of Juda to sacrifice.

Et congregati sunt multi de populo ad eos qui dereliquerant legem Domini, et fecerunt mala super terram:

Many there were, traitors to the divine law, that took their part, and much mischief they did,

Then many of the people were gathered to them that had forsaken the law of the Lord: and they committed evils in the land:

et effugaverunt populum Israël in abditis, et in absconditis fugitivorum locis.

driving the men of Israel to seek refuge in hiding, where refuge was to be had.

And they drove away the people of Israel into lurking holes, and into the secret places of fugitives.

Die quintadecima mensis Casleu, quinto et quadragesimo et centesimo anno, ædificavit rex Antiochus abominandum idolum desolationis super altare Dei, et per universas civitates Juda in circuitu ædificaverunt aras:

It was on the fifteenth of Casleu, in the hundred and forty-fifth year, that king Antiochus set up an idol to desecrate God’s altar; shrines there were in every township of Juda,

On the fifteenth day of the month Casleu, in the hundred and forty-fifth year, king Antiochus set up the abominable idol of desolation upon the altar of God, and they built altars throughout all the cities of Juda round about:

et ante januas domorum et in plateis incendebant thura, et sacrificabant:

offering of incense and of victims before house doors and in the open street;

And they burnt incense, and sacrificed at the doors of the houses, and in the streets.

et libros legis Dei combusserunt igni, scindentes eos:

never a copy of the divine law but was torn up and burned;

And they cut in pieces, and burnt with fire the books of the law of God:

et apud quemcumque inveniebantur libri testamenti Domini, et quicumque observabat legem Domini, secundum edictum regis trucidabant eum.

if any were found that kept the sacred record, or obeyed the Lord’s will, his life was forfeit to the king’s edict.

And every one with whom the books of the testament of the Lord were found, and whosoever observed the law of the Lord, they put to death, according to the edict of the king.

In virtute sua faciebant hæc populo Israël, qui inveniebatur in omni mense et mense in civitatibus.

Month by month such deeds of violence were done, in all townships where men of Israel dwelt,

Thus by their power did they deal with the people of Israel, that were found in the cities month after month.

Et quinta et vigesima die mensis sacrificabant super aram, quæ erat contra altare.

and on the twenty-fifth of the month sacrifice was made at the shrine that overshadowed the altar.

And on the five and twentieth day of the month they sacrificed upon the altar of the idol that was over against the altar of God.

Et mulieres, quæ circumcidebant filios suos, trucidabantur secundum jussum regis Antiochi,

Death it was for woman to have her child circumcised in defiance of the king;

Now the women that circumcised their children, were slain according to the commandment of king Antiochus.

et suspendebant pueros a cervicibus per universas domos eorum: et eos, qui circumciderant illos, trucidabant.

there in her own house she must be hung up, with the child about her neck, and the circumciser, too, must pay for it with his life.

And they hanged the children about their necks in all their houses: and those that had circumcised them, they put to death.

Et multi de populo Israël definierunt apud se, ut non manducarent immunda: et elegerunt magis mori, quam cibis coinquinari immundis:

Many a son of Israel refused the unclean food, preferring death to defilement;

And many of the people of Israel determined with themselves, that they would not eat unclean things: and they chose rather to die than to be defiled with unclean meats.

et noluerunt infringere legem Dei sanctam, et trucidati sunt:

and die they must, because they would not break God’s holy law.

And they would not break the holy law of God, and they were put to death:

et facta est ira magna super populum valde.

Grievous, most grievous was the doom that hung then over his people.

And there was very great wrath upon the people.